Centrifugal, turbine, or similar pump.



188808888. PATBNTED JAN. 2, 1808.

I P. RAY. CENTRIFUGAL, TURBINB, 0R SIMILAR PUMP. APILlGATLOIELFILLD JAN. 25, 1905.

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treuren srnzrns PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK RAY, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY R. WORTHINGTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CENTRlFUGAL, TURBINE, OR SIMILAR PUIVIP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, 1906.

Application filed January 25, 1905. Serial No. 242,600.

To all whom, t pta/y conceive:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK RAY, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at East Orange, county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal, Turbine, and Similar Pumps, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to, that class of centrifugal, turbine, or similar pumps in which inclosed impellers are used, the especial object of the invention being to avoid differences in pressure on opposite sides of the impeller, and thus prevent the end thrust which has heretofore existed in such pumps.

It is practically impossible to make the running conditions in the spaces on opposite sides of an inclosed impeller uniform; but differences in leakage from these spaces to the hub or in leakage from the delivery around the edges of the impeller exist, and these differences or other similar conditions result in a diiference of pressure on opposite sides of the impeller, which frequently are large and are the chief cause of the end thrust which has heretofore existed and to balance which so many special devices have been designed. I avoid this chief cause of end thrust by provding an equalizing passage or passages between the spaces on opposite sides of the impeller, so that no substantial difference in pressure can exist in these spaces. This equalizing passage or passages between the spaces on opposite sides of the impeller may be provided in any suitable manner; but in a turbine-pump employing diffusing-vanes I preferably extend the passages through the diffusing-vanes, this being a simple and eiiicient construction.

The invention is applicable to pumps having either a single impeller or a series of impellers-that is, either single stage or multistage pumps; but the invention is especially important in connection with multistage pumps and will be illustrated and described in connection therewith.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, the invention is shown as applied in its preferred form to a multistage pump of a well-known type having two impellers, and this construction will now be described and the features forming the invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims. y

In the drawings, Figure l is a section of the pump, taken longitudinally of the axis on the irregular line I 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 of Fig. l.

Referring to said drawings, A is the pumpcasing having the suction B and delivery C, and I) D2 are the two impellers carried by the shaft E and separated by the usual diaphragms l0, forming, with the end casings, theimpellerchambers and the delivery-passage from the first to the second impeller. The impellers are shown as of a common inclosed type having the side walls 11 and vanes 12 extending between the side walls, and on opposite sides of the impellers are chambers 13, in which arrows in Fig. 2, and then sidewise and downward` through the passage 16 to the suction of the second impeller D2, and the liquid from the second impeller passes outward through the similar diffusion-ring F, having vanes 14 and passages l5, to the delivery C. The impellers are preferably provided with the usual suction-balancing chambers 17, connected with the suction by passages 3, as shown.

The pump as thus far described is of a wellknown type, and all the parts may be of any other common or suitable form.

The construction differs from thatl of present pumps of the type illustrated in that an equalizing connection is provided between the chambers 13 on opposite sides of the impeller, so that the liquid in these two chambers will be under substantially the same pressure notwithstanding any differences in running conlditions on the opposite sides of the impeller.

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tervals through the inner side flanges or plates 5 of the diffusion-rings F, which openings 4 are connected by holes 6, formed through the diffusing-vanes 14 at intervals, the openings 4, 6, with the spaces on opposite sides of the diffusing-rings, thus forming passages through which liquid may flow freely between the chambers on opposite sides of the impellers, Inequality of pressure on opposite sides of the impellers outside the packing-rings 1 is thus prevented` and this cause of end thrust fully avoided.

With impellers of the type shown, in which the suction is taken at one side of the hub, it is desirable for full balancing' of the impellers that some means should be provided for balancing the suction pressure at the hub. The construction shown with the suction-balancing chambers 17 and passages 3 is preferred for this purpose; but other means may be used within the broader features of the present in- Vention,and the invention,broadly considered, is applicable also with inclosed impellers of the double-suction type, in which the suctions on opposite sides of the impeller balance each other. Only two impellers are shown; but the invention is applicable with any number of impellers.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to a pump having diffusion-rings, nor to making the equalizing connection through the rings, or providing it in any particular manner, but that this equalizing connection may be provided in any suitable manner to secure the desired result.

What I claim is- 1. A centrifugal, turbine or similar pump having an inclosed impeller and a pressureequalizing connection between the opposite sides of the impeller'.

2. Amultistage centrifugal,turbine or similar pump having a plurality of inclosed impellers and a pressure-equalizing connection between the opposite sides of each impeller.

3. A centrifugal, turbine or similaipump having an inclosed impeller 'and diffusingvanes outside the impeller and a pressureequalizing connection between the opposite sides of the impeller formed through the diffusing-vanes.

4. A multistage centrifugal,turbine or similar pump having a plurality of inclosed impellers and diffusing-varies outside the impellers, and a pressure-equalizing connection between opposite sides of each impeller formed through the difusing-vanes. v

5. In a centrifugahturbine or similar pump, the combination with an inclosed impeller taking suction on one side of the impeller, of a pressure-equalizing connection between the opposite sides of the impeller, and suctionbalancing means.

6. In a centrifugaLturbine or similar pump, the combination with an inclosed impeller taking suction on one side of the impeller, of a pressure-equalizing connection between the opposite sides of the impeller, and a suctionbalancing chamber on the back of the impeller communicating with the impeller-suction.

7. In a multistage centrifugal, turbine or similar pump. the combination with a plurality of inclosed impellers, of a pressure-equalizing connection between the opposite sides of each impeller, and suction-balancing means.

8. In a multistage centrifugal, turbine or similar pump, the combination with a plurality of inclosed impellers, of a pressure-equaliZing connection between the opposite sides of each impeller, and a suction balancing chamber on the back of each impeller communicating` with the impeller-suction.

9. A centrifugal, turbine or similar pump having an inclosed liquid-impeller and a pressu re-equalizing connection permitting the passage of liquid between the opposite sides of the impeller.

10. A multistage centrifugal, turbine or similar pump having a plurality of inclosed liquid-impellers, and a pressure-equalizing connection permitting the passage of liquid between the opposite sides of each impeller.

11. A centrifugal, turbine or similar pump having an inclosed liquid-impeller taking suction on one side of the impeller, a pressureequalizing connection permitting the passage of liquid between the opposite sides of the impeller, and a suction-balancing chamber on the back of the impeller communicating with the impeller-suction.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK RAY. Witnesses:

S. WINTHAL, T. F. Kmon.

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